This white paper by the World Economic Forum from September 2019 compares two transition scenarios – gradual and rapid, how they differ and the signposts to observe indicating which narrative will dominate. Considerations include: clean technologies, new regulatory policies, changing business models, and differing consumption patterns. This paper would be of interest to clean energy industry professionals and policy makers.

Key words: market sizing, connected (EV) vehicles, energy management, research & development, smart grid, utilities, zero net energy, regulatory policy